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OCR: logical endpoint of water's downhill course? Leonardo is interested in explaining the causes of changing velocity. He defines the problem in Aristotelian terms as a study in compound motion. The changing velocity of falling water is due to the combination of two simple motions: flow of water downhill and pull of gravity. He explains several aspects of this compound motion, including both the increase in the force of the water as it falls and the change in the width of the stream as the water acquires velocity. Understanding this inter- action requires that Leonardo first observe the effects and then extract the principles involved.